Pattern is principal tool during the casting process. It is defined as the model or replica of anything, so constructed that it may be used for forming an impression called mould in sand. When this mould is filled with molten metal, and metal is allowed to solidify, it forms a reproduction of pattern known as casting.

Foundry engineering deals with process of making casting in moulds prepared by pattern. the whole process of producing casting may be classified into five stages;

(a) Pattern making

(b) Moulding and core making

(c) melting and casting

(d) fettling

(e) testing and inspection. Except pattern making all other stages to produce casting is done foundry shop.

Here we are having different types to patterns and all the facilities for performing sand casting.